Bihar Board Class 12 Science English · Ch 1: Indian Civilization and Culture

Topics in this test

Difficulty: 3 easy · 6 medium · 21 hard

Sample questions with answers

The first 5 questions of this free test.

1. Q1. In 'Indian Civilization and Culture', Gandhi writes that "performance of duty and observance of morality are convertible terms." Read the following statements and choose the correct option: (i) To observe morality is to attain mastery over our mind and passions. (ii) The Gujarati equivalent for civilization means 'good conduct'. (iii) A man who multiplies his wants and bodily comforts is, for Gandhi, truly civilized.

   • A. Only (i) and (iii) are correct
   • B. Only (i) and (ii) are correct
   • C. Only (ii) and (iii) are correct
   • D. All three statements are correct
   Solution

   Gandhi holds that civilization means good conduct and self-mastery, not the multiplication of wants; so (i) and (ii) are true but (iii) contradicts his view.

2. Q2. Assertion (A): Gandhi says it is not necessarily true that a rich man is happy and a poor man is unhappy. Reason (R): He believes that happiness is largely a mental condition, not a matter of wealth. Choose the correct option:

   • A. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
   • B. A is true, but R is false
   • C. A is false, but R is true
   • D. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
   Solution

   Both statements are true, and the reason directly explains the assertion — since happiness is a mental condition, wealth alone cannot decide whether a person is happy.

3. Q3. Which one of the following is the ODD ONE OUT among the reasons Gandhi gives for his ancestors preferring small villages to large cities?

   • A. Vice and prostitution flourished in large cities
   • B. Large cities offered better machinery and roads
   • C. In large cities poor men were robbed by rich men
   • D. Large cities became gangs of thieves and robbers
   Solution

   Gandhi says large cities become snares with thieves, prostitution and the poor being robbed by the rich. "Better machinery and roads" is a city advantage, not a reason given for preferring villages.

4. Q4. Gandhi compares the human mind to "a restless bird." What idea is he trying to express through this image?

   • A. The mind quickly becomes satisfied once its wants are met
   • B. The more the mind gets, the more it wants and still remains unsatisfied
   • C. The mind is free and should chase every pleasure
   • D. The mind grows calm as a person becomes richer
   Solution

   The restless bird shows that the more the mind gets, the more it wants, and it still remains unsatisfied — so true happiness lies in controlling desires.

5. Q5. Gandhi argues that our forefortunes chose to do only what they could with their hands and feet, even though they knew how to invent machinery. What was their main reason?

   • A. They had not yet discovered iron and other metals
   • B. Machinery was too expensive for the villages to buy
   • C. They feared that machinery would make people slaves and destroy their moral fibre
   • D. The kings had banned the use of all machines
   Solution

   Gandhi says our ancestors feared that running after machinery would make people slaves and cause them to lose their moral fibre, so they preferred simple hand-and-foot labour.

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