CBSE Class 12 Humanities Geography · Ch 1: Human Geography: Nature and Scope

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Difficulty: 2 easy · 9 medium · 19 hard

Sample questions with answers

The first 5 questions of this free test.

1. Q1. Read the following statements and choose the correct option: Assertion (A): The concept of neo-determinism is also called 'Stop and Go Determinism'. Reason (R): It suggests a middle path, where nature provides opportunities for human activity but human beings cannot ignore the limits set by nature beyond a certain point.

   • A. A is false, but R is true.
   • B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
   • C. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
   • D. A is true, but R is false.
   Solution

   Neo-determinism, given by Griffith Taylor, is a middle path between environmental determinism and possibilism, so the Reason correctly explains the Assertion. The 'stop and go' idea means humans can use nature but must respect its limits, like a traffic signal.

2. Q2. A school of thought in human geography holds that nature offers a number of opportunities and human beings, acting as a dynamic factor, make choices according to their needs and culture. This approach is known as:

   • A. Neo-determinism
   • B. Dualism
   • C. Environmental determinism
   • D. Possibilism
   Solution

   Possibilism treats nature as offering possibilities, while humans use their skills and culture to choose among them. This is opposite to environmental determinism, where nature controls human activities.

3. Q3. Read the statements about the nature of Human Geography: (I) It is highly interdisciplinary and relates to many social sciences. (II) It studies only the physical features of the earth and excludes human activities. (III) Its core concern is the inter-relationship between the physical and the human (cultural) environment. Which statements are correct?

   • A. II and III
   • B. I, II and III
   • C. I and II
   • D. I and III
   Solution

   Human Geography is interdisciplinary and studies the relationship between the physical and human environments; statement II is false because it wrongly excludes human activities.

4. Q4. Which sequence correctly shows the historical development of approaches in Human Geography from earliest to most recent, as discussed in the chapter?

   • A. Humanistic approaches → Regional analysis → Exploration & description → Spatial organisation
   • B. Regional analysis → Humanistic approaches → Exploration & description → Spatial organisation
   • C. Spatial organisation → Exploration & description → Humanistic approaches → Regional analysis
   • D. Exploration & description → Regional analysis → Spatial organisation (quantitative) → Humanistic & welfare approaches
   Solution

   The approaches evolved from exploration and area description in the colonial era, to regional analysis, then the quantitative revolution, and finally the humanistic/welfare and postmodern approaches.

5. Q5. A scholar argues that the hot and humid climate of an equatorial region is the main cause of the slow pace of development and the lifestyle of its people. This line of thinking belongs to which approach?

   • A. Neo-determinism
   • B. Welfare approach
   • C. Possibilism
   • D. Environmental determinism
   Solution

   Attributing human lifestyle and development directly to climate and environment is the core idea of environmental determinism.

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