NEET UG Thermodynamics & Equilibrium – Topic Test

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Difficulty: 15 medium · 15 hard

Thermodynamics & Equilibrium MCQ questions with answers

The first 3 of 30 questions. Unlock the series for the rest, each with a solution.

1. Q1. The enthalpy of fusion of ice is 6.01 kJ mol⁻¹ and it melts at 273 K. Assuming the melting occurs reversibly at this temperature, the molar entropy of fusion of ice is approximately:

   बर्फ की संगलन एन्थैल्पी 6.01 kJ mol⁻¹ है और यह 273 K पर पिघलती है। यह मानते हुए कि संगलन इस तापमान पर उत्क्रमणीय रूप से होता है, बर्फ की संगलन की मोलर एन्ट्रॉपी लगभग है:

   • A. 16.4 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹
   • B. 6.01 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹
   • C. 22.0 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹
   • D. 44.0 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹
   Solution

   For a reversible phase change ΔS = ΔH/T = 6010 J mol⁻¹ / 273 K ≈ 22.0 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹.

   उत्क्रमणीय अवस्था परिवर्तन के लिए ΔS = ΔH/T = 6010 J mol⁻¹ / 273 K ≈ 22.0 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹।

2. Q2. A basic buffer contains 0.20 M NH3 and 0.10 M NH4Cl (pKb of NH3 = 4.74) at 25 °C. The pH of this buffer is approximately:

   25 °C पर एक क्षारकीय बफर में 0.20 M NH3 और 0.10 M NH4Cl है (NH3 का pKb = 4.74)। इस बफर का pH लगभग है:

   • A. 4.44
   • B. 9.56
   • C. 9.26
   • D. 8.96
   Solution

   pOH = pKb + log([salt]/[base]) = 4.74 + log(0.10/0.20) = 4.74 − 0.30 = 4.44, so pH = 14 − 4.44 ≈ 9.56.

   pOH = pKb + log([लवण]/[क्षार]) = 4.74 + log(0.10/0.20) = 4.74 − 0.30 = 4.44, अतः pH = 14 − 4.44 ≈ 9.56।

3. Q3. Which one of the following is an intensive property?

   निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक गहन (इंटेंसिव) गुण है?

   • A. Molar heat capacity / मोलर ऊष्मा धारिता
   • B. Internal energy / आंतरिक ऊर्जा
   • C. Enthalpy / एन्थैल्पी
   • D. Volume / आयतन
   Solution

   Molar heat capacity does not depend on the amount of substance, so it is intensive; volume, enthalpy and internal energy are extensive.

   मोलर ऊष्मा धारिता पदार्थ की मात्रा पर निर्भर नहीं करती, अतः यह गहन है; आयतन, एन्थैल्पी तथा आंतरिक ऊर्जा विस्तीर्ण (एक्सटेंसिव) हैं।

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