JEE Main Properties of Matter & Heat: Kinetic Theory of Gases – Chapter Test

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Difficulty: 7 medium · 13 hard

Kinetic Theory of Gases MCQ questions with answers

The first 3 of 20 questions. Unlock the series for the rest, each with a solution.

1. Q1. The average translational kinetic energy of one mole of an ideal gas at absolute temperature T is:

   परम ताप T पर एक आदर्श गैस के एक मोल की औसत स्थानांतरीय गतिज ऊर्जा है:

   • A. (3/2)RT
   • B. (5/2)RT
   • C. (3/2)kT
   • D. (1/2)RT
   Solution

   Each molecule has average translational kinetic energy (3/2)kT, so one mole (N_A molecules) has (3/2)N_A kT = (3/2)RT.

   प्रत्येक अणु की औसत स्थानांतरीय गतिज ऊर्जा (3/2)kT होती है, अतः एक मोल (N_A अणु) में (3/2)N_A kT = (3/2)RT होती है।

2. Q2. At ordinary (moderate) temperatures, the number of degrees of freedom of a rigid diatomic ideal gas molecule is:

   साधारण (मध्यम) तापों पर, एक दृढ़ द्विपरमाणुक आदर्श गैस अणु की स्वातंत्र्य कोटियों की संख्या है:

   • A. 5
   • B. 6
   • C. 3
   • D. 7
   Solution

   A rigid diatomic molecule has 3 translational and 2 rotational degrees of freedom, giving 5 in total (vibrational modes are not excited at moderate temperatures).

   एक दृढ़ द्विपरमाणुक अणु में 3 स्थानांतरीय और 2 घूर्णी स्वातंत्र्य कोटियाँ होती हैं, जिससे कुल 5 होती हैं (मध्यम तापों पर कंपन विधाएँ उत्तेजित नहीं होतीं)।

3. Q3. For an ideal monatomic gas, the ratio of molar heat capacities γ = Cp/Cv is:

   एक आदर्श एकपरमाणुक गैस के लिए, मोलर ऊष्मा धारिताओं का अनुपात γ = Cp/Cv है:

   • A. 4/3
   • B. 3/2
   • C. 7/5
   • D. 5/3
   Solution

   A monatomic gas has f = 3 degrees of freedom, so γ = 1 + 2/f = 1 + 2/3 = 5/3. The value 7/5 is for a rigid diatomic gas and 4/3 for a non-linear polyatomic gas.

   एक एकपरमाणुक गैस में f = 3 स्वातंत्र्य कोटियाँ होती हैं, अतः γ = 1 + 2/f = 1 + 2/3 = 5/3। मान 7/5 एक दृढ़ द्विपरमाणुक गैस के लिए और 4/3 एक अरैखिक बहुपरमाणुक गैस के लिए है।

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