NEET UG Rotational Motion & Gravitation: Gravitation – Chapter Test

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Difficulty: 8 medium · 12 hard

Gravitation MCQ questions with answers

The first 3 of 20 questions. Unlock the series for the rest, each with a solution.

1. Q1. Taking Earth's surface value as the reference, by what factor does the acceleration due to gravity change at a height equal to the Earth's radius R above the surface?

   पृथ्वी की सतह के मान को संदर्भ मानते हुए, पृथ्वी की त्रिज्या R के बराबर ऊँचाई पर गुरुत्वीय त्वरण किस गुणक द्वारा बदलता है?

   • A. It becomes g/4 / यह g/4 हो जाता है
   • B. It becomes g/3 / यह g/3 हो जाता है
   • C. It becomes 2g / यह 2g हो जाता है
   • D. It becomes g/2 / यह g/2 हो जाता है
   Solution

   g_h = g R²/(R+h)² = g R²/(2R)² = g/4, so g reduces to one-fourth of its surface value.

   g_h = g R²/(R+h)² = g R²/(2R)² = g/4, अतः g अपने सतही मान का एक-चौथाई रह जाता है।

2. Q2. Consider the following statements about gravitational potential energy: 1. It is taken to be zero when the two masses are infinitely far apart. 2. For two masses separated by a distance r it equals −Gm₁m₂/r. 3. Its value is always negative for an attractive gravitational interaction. Which of these statements are correct?

   गुरुत्वीय स्थितिज ऊर्जा के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: 1. इसे तब शून्य माना जाता है जब दोनों द्रव्यमान अनंत दूरी पर हों। 2. दूरी r द्वारा पृथक दो द्रव्यमानों के लिए यह −Gm₁m₂/r के बराबर होती है। 3. आकर्षी गुरुत्वीय अंतःक्रिया के लिए इसका मान सदैव ऋणात्मक होता है। इनमें से कौन-से कथन सही हैं?

   • A. 1 and 3 only / केवल 1 और 3
   • B. 1, 2 and 3 / 1, 2 और 3
   • C. 1 and 2 only / केवल 1 और 2
   • D. 2 and 3 only / केवल 2 और 3
   Solution

   With the zero chosen at infinite separation, the attractive interaction gives U = −Gm₁m₂/r, which is negative at all finite separations; all three statements are correct.

   अनंत पृथक्करण पर शून्य चुनने पर, आकर्षी अंतःक्रिया U = −Gm₁m₂/r देती है, जो सभी परिमित पृथक्करणों पर ऋणात्मक होती है; तीनों कथन सही हैं।

3. Q3. The value and SI unit of the universal gravitational constant G are:

   सार्वत्रिक गुरुत्वाकर्षण स्थिरांक G का मान तथा SI मात्रक है:

   • A. 6.67 × 10¹¹ N m² kg⁻²
   • B. 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N m kg⁻²
   • C. 9.8 × 10⁻¹¹ N m² kg⁻²
   • D. 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N m² kg⁻²
   Solution

   G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N m² kg⁻², which is equivalent to m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻².

   G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N m² kg⁻², जो m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻² के तुल्य है।

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